Current Literature on Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Injuries

In the literature Glenohumeral dislocation is a well-known and well-documented disorder whereas there are very few documented cases of atraumatic ACJ dislocation with spontaneous reduction. Out of the overall traumatic injuries to the shoulder girdle, 12% of shoulder girdle injuries observed in clinical practice are AC joint injuries. Orthopaedic injuries that commonly arise from falls on the point of the shoulder include clavicle fractures and acromioclavicular joint dislocations. Following shoulder trauma, the most typical diagnosis is sprain and dislocation. With a male-to-female ratio of 5:1 and an incidence peak between the ages of 20 and 30, males are more afflicted than females. With shoulder trauma, the possibility of developing AC joint injury always remains there. After reviewing all the currently available studies, all the research was case studies in nature as there is no uniform surgical approach that is followed. Few case studies also showed conservatively managed AC joint injury. There is heterogeneity in the subjects included. More robust studies in the form of case series or higher are needed for the future.